E pili ana i ke kaʻina wili, nā nīnau koʻikoʻi 20 nui a me nā pane(1)

mw1420 (1)

 

1. He aha ka wili ana?E ho'āʻo e haʻi i kekahi mau ʻano wili.

Pane: ʻO ka wili ʻana he ʻano hana e hoʻoneʻe ai i ka ʻili o ka mea hana ma ka hana ʻoki ʻana o ka mea hana abrasive, i kūpono ka maikaʻi o ka ʻili o ka mea hana i nā koi i koho mua ʻia.ʻO nā ʻano wili maʻamau, ʻo ia ka: wili cylindrical, wili i loko, wili ʻole waena, wili milo, wili i nā ʻili palahalaha o nā mea hana, a me ka wili ʻana i nā ʻili.
2. He aha ka mea hana abrasive?He aha ke ʻano o ka huila wili?He aha nā mea e hoʻoholo ai i kāna hana?

Pane: ʻO nā mea hana a pau i hoʻohana ʻia no ka wili, wili a me ka polishing i hui pū ʻia he mau mea hana abrasive, ʻo ka hapa nui o ia mau mea i hana ʻia me nā abrasives a me nā mea paʻa.
ʻO nā huila wili i haku ʻia me nā ʻōpala abrasive, binders a me nā pores (i kekahi manawa ʻaʻole), a ʻo kā lākou hana e hoʻoholo nui ʻia e nā mea e like me ka abrasives, ka nui o nā ʻāpana, nā mea hoʻopili, ka paʻakikī a me ka hui.
3. He aha nā ʻano abrasive?E papa inoa i kekahi mau abrasive maʻamau.

Pane: ʻO ka abrasive ke kuleana no ka ʻoki ʻana, a he kiʻekiʻe ka paʻakikī, ke kū ʻana i ka wela a me kekahi ʻano paʻakikī, a hiki ke hana i nā kihi ʻoi a me nā kihi ke haki.I kēia manawa, ʻekolu mau ʻano abrasive i hoʻohana mau ʻia i ka hana ʻana: oxide series, carbide series and high-hard abrasive series.ʻO nā abrasives maʻamau he corundum keʻokeʻo, zirconium corundum, cubic boron carbide, synthetic diamond, cubic boron nitride, etc.
4. He aha nā ʻano o ka lole huila wili?He aha ke ʻano o ka wili huila?

Pane: ʻO ka ʻaʻahu ʻana o ka huila wili ka nui o nā pae ʻelua: abrasive poho a me ka wili huila hemahema.Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka nalo ʻana o nā kīʻaha abrasive ma luna o ka ʻili o ka huila wili i ʻekolu mau ʻano like ʻole: passivation o abrasive grains, abrasive grains, a me ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka abrasive grains.Me ka hoʻolōʻihi ʻia o ka manawa hana o ka huila wili, e emi mālie ana kona hiki ke ʻoki, a i ka hopena ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma ke ʻano maʻamau, a ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokō ʻia ka pololei machining a me ka maikaʻi o ka ʻili.I kēia manawa, hāʻule ka huila wili.ʻEkolu mau ʻano: ka hoʻopololei ʻana o ka ʻili hana o ka huila wili, ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka ʻili hana o ka huila wili, a me ka distortion o ka contour o ka huila wili.

 

Ke pau ka huila wili, pono e kahiko hou i ka huila wili.ʻO ka ʻaʻahu ka huaʻōlelo maʻamau no ka hoʻohua ʻana a me ka ʻoi.ʻO ka hana ʻana i ka huila wili i ke ʻano geometric me kekahi mau koi pololei;ʻO ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana ʻo ia ka wehe ʻana i ka mea hoʻopaʻa ma waena o nā ʻōpala abrasive, no laila e puka mai nā hua abrasive mai ka mea hoʻopaʻa i kahi kiʻekiʻe (ma kahi o 1/3 o ka nui o nā ʻōpala abrasive maʻamau), e hana ana i kahi ʻoki ʻoki maikaʻi a lawa ka wahi ʻōpala. .Hana ʻia ka hana ʻana a me ka hoʻokala ʻana i nā huila wili maʻamau i hoʻokahi;ʻo ka hoʻokala ʻana a me ka ʻoi o nā huila wili superabrasive e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia.ʻO ka mua ka loaʻa ʻana o ka geometry huila wili maikaʻi a ʻo ka mea hope e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka ʻoi o ka wili.
5. He aha nā ʻano o ka wili ʻana i ka cylindrical a me ka wili ʻili?

Pane: I ka wā e wili ai i ka pōʻai o waho a me ka mokulele, ʻehā mau ʻano o ka neʻe ʻana: ka neʻe nui, ka neʻe radial feed, ka neʻe hānai axial a me ka rotation workpiece a i ʻole linear motion.
6. E wehewehe pōkole i ke kaʻina wili ʻana o kahi ʻāpana abrasive hoʻokahi.

Pane: Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ke kaʻina wili o ka palaoa abrasive hoʻokahi i ʻekolu mau ʻanuʻu: ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana, ka helu ʻana a me ka ʻoki ʻana.

 

(1) Ke kahua hoʻoheheʻe: I ka wā o ka wili ʻana, piʻi mālie ka mānoanoa ʻoki ʻana mai ka ʻole.Ma ke kahua hoʻoheheʻe, ma muli o ka liʻiliʻi loa o ka ʻoki ʻana i ka mānoanoa acg i ka wā e hoʻomaka ai ka ʻoki ʻoki ʻoki a me ka mea hana e hoʻopili, i ka wā e hoʻopili ai ka radius pōʻai poʻo rn>acg ma ke kihi o luna o nā ʻōpala abrasive, paheʻe wale nā ​​hua abrasive ma luna o ka ʻili. o ka mea hana, a hana wale i ka Elastic deformation, ʻaʻohe chips.

 

(2) Kākau kākau: me ka piʻi ʻana o ka hohonu o ka intrusion o nā ʻāpana abrasive, e piʻi mālie ke kaomi ma waena o nā ʻāpana abrasive a me ka ʻili o ka mea hana, a ke hoʻololi pū nei ka papa honua mai ka deformation elastic i ka deformation plastic.I kēia manawa, koʻikoʻi ka friction extrusion, a ua hana ʻia ka nui o ka wela.Ke hoʻomehanaʻia ka metala i kahi koʻikoʻi,ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka wela maʻamau i ka ikaika hua nui o ka mea, a hoʻomaka kaʻokiʻoki eʻoki i kaʻili o ka mea.Hoʻokuʻu ka paheʻe i ka ʻili o ka mea i mua a me nā ʻaoʻao o nā ʻōpala abrasive, e hana ana i nā ʻōpala abrasive e kālai i nā ʻāpana ma luna o ka ʻili o ka mea hana, a me nā ʻōpuʻu ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua o nā awāwa.ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona o kēia kaʻina: ʻo ke kahe plastik a me ka bulge ma luna o ka ʻili o ka mea, a ʻaʻole hiki ke hana ʻia nā ʻāpana no ka mea ʻaʻole hiki i ka mānoanoa ʻoki ʻana o nā ʻāpana abrasive i ka waiwai koʻikoʻi o ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ka chip.

 

(3) Ke ʻoki ʻana: Ke piʻi aʻe ka hohonu o ka intrusion i kahi waiwai koʻikoʻi, ʻike maopopo ʻia ka ʻoki ʻoki ʻia ma ka ʻili ʻili ma lalo o ka extrusion o nā ʻāpana abrasive, e hana ana i nā ʻāpana e kahe i waho ma ke alo rake, i kapa ʻia ʻo ke kahua ʻoki.
7. E ho'ohana i ka solution JCJaeger no ke kālailai mana'o i ka wela o ka wahi wili i ka wā wili malo'o.

Pane: I ka wā e wili ai, liʻiliʻi ka lōʻihi o ke arc pili ma muli o ka liʻiliʻi o ka ʻoki.No laila hiki ke noʻonoʻo ʻia he kumu wela ke ʻano o ka hui e neʻe ana ma ka ʻili o ke kino semi-palena ʻole.ʻO kēia ke kumu o ka hopena a JCJaeger.(a) Puka wela o ka ʻili i loko o ka ʻāpana wili (b) Pūnaehana hoʻonohonoho o ke kumu wela o ka ʻili e neʻe ana.

 

ʻO ka ʻāpana arc wili ʻana AA¢B¢B he kumu wela kāʻei, a ʻo kona ikaika hoʻomehana he qm;pili kona laula w i ke anawaena o ka huila wili a me ka hohonu wili.Hiki ke noʻonoʻo ʻia ke kumu wela AA¢B¢B e like me ke ʻano o ka helu ʻana o nā kumu wela laina dxi, e lawe i kahi kumu wela laina dxi no ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana, ʻo qmBdxi kona kumu wela, a neʻe ma ka ʻaoʻao X me ka wikiwiki Vw.

 

8. He aha nā ʻano o ka wili ʻana i ke ahi a me kā lākou mau hana hoʻomalu?

Pane: Ma muli o ke ʻano o ke kuni, loaʻa nā kuni maʻamau, nā kuni kiko, a me nā kuni laina (ke ahi laina ma ka ʻili holoʻokoʻa o ka ʻāpana).E like me ke ʻano o ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka microstructure surface, aia nā: tempering burns, quenching burns, a me annealing burns.

 

I ke kaʻina hana wili, ʻo ke kumu nui o ke kuni ʻana, ʻo ia ke kiʻekiʻe o ka mahana o ka wahi wili.I mea e ho'ēmi ai i ka mahana o ka'āpana wili, hiki ke laweʻia iʻelua mau ala e hoʻemi ai i ka hana o ka wili wela a me ka wikiwiki i ka hoʻololiʻana i ka wela wela.

ʻO nā hana hoʻomalu i lawe pinepineʻia:

 

(1) Ke koho kūpono o ka nui wili;

(2) E koho pololei i ka huila wili;

(3) Hoʻohana kūpono i nā ʻano hoʻomaha

 

9. He aha ka wili kiʻekiʻe?Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka wili maʻamau, he aha nā ʻano o ka wili kiʻekiʻe?

Pane: ʻO ka wili wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe kahi hana kaʻina e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka maikaʻi o ka wili a me ka maikaʻi o ka wili ʻana ma o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka wikiwiki laina o ka huila wili.ʻO ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ia a me ka wili maʻamau aia i ka wikiwiki wili a me ka helu hānai, a ke holomua nei ka wehewehe ʻana o ka wili kiʻekiʻe me ka manawa.Ma mua o nā makahiki 1960, i ka wā i 50m/s ka wikiwiki o ka wili, ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia ka wikiwiki wikiwiki.I nā makahiki 1990, hiki i ka 500m/s ka wikiwiki o ka wili.Ma nā noi kūpono, ua kapa ʻia ka wikiwiki o ka wili ma luna o 100m/s.

 

Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka wili maʻamau, ʻo ka wili kiʻekiʻe ka wikiwiki i loaʻa nā ʻano penei:

 

(1) Ma lalo o ke kūlana e mālama mau ʻia nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe a pau, ʻo ka hoʻonui wale ʻana i ka wikiwiki o ka huila wili e alakaʻi i ka hōʻemi ʻana o ka mānoanoa ʻoki a me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa like ʻana o ka ikaika ʻoki e hana ana ma kēlā me kēia ʻāpana abrasive.

 

(2) Inā hoʻonui ʻia ka wikiwiki o ka mea hana e like me ka wikiwiki o ka huila wili, hiki ke hoʻololi ʻole ka mānoanoa ʻoki.I kēia hihia, ʻaʻole e loli ka ikaika ʻoki e hana ana ma kēlā me kēia ʻāpana abrasive a me ka ikaika wili i hopena.ʻO ka pōmaikaʻi nui loa o kēia, ʻo ia ka piʻi ʻana o ka nui o ka wehe ʻana i nā mea me ka ikaika wili like.

 

10. E wehewehe pōkole i nā koi o ka wili kiʻekiʻe no ka wili ʻana i nā huila a me nā mea mīkini.

Pane: Pono nā huila wili kiʻekiʻe e hoʻokō i kēia mau koi:

 

(1) ʻO ka ikaika mechanical o ka huila wili e hiki ke kū i ka ikaika o kaʻoki i ka wā o ka wikiwiki wikiwiki;

 

(2) Ka palekana a me ka hilinaʻi i ka wā wili kiʻekiʻe;

 

(3) hiʻona ʻoi;

 

(4) Pono ka mea hoʻopaʻa paʻa i ka pale lole kiʻekiʻe e hōʻemi i ka lole o ka huila wili.

 

ʻO nā koi no ka wili kiʻekiʻe ma nā mea mīkini:

 

(1) Kiʻekiʻe-wikiwiki spindle a me kona mau bearings: ʻO nā bearings o nā spindles kiʻekiʻe-wikiwiki maʻamau e hoʻohana i ka angular contact ball bearings.I mea e hoʻemi ai i ka hoʻomehana ʻana o ka spindle a hoʻonui i ka wikiwiki o ka spindle, ʻo ka hapa nui o ka hanauna hou o nā spindles uila kiʻekiʻe e lubricated e ka aila a me ke kinoea.

 

(2) Ma waho aʻe o nā hana o nā mea wili maʻamau, pono pū nā mea wili kiʻekiʻe e hoʻokō i nā koi kūikawā: kiʻekiʻe dynamic pololei, kiʻekiʻe damping, kiʻekiʻe vibration kū'ē a me ka thermal stability;ʻO ke kaʻina wili a hilinaʻi loa.

 

(3) Ma hope o ka piʻi ʻana o ka wikiwiki o ka huila wili, piʻi pū kona ikehu kinetic.Inā haki ka huila wili, ʻoi aku ka pōʻino i nā kānaka a me nā mea hana ma mua o ka wili maʻamau.No kēia kumu, ma waho aʻe o ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka ikaika o ka huila wili iā ia iho, kūikawā ʻO ke kiaʻi huila no ka wili kiʻekiʻe he mea nui e hōʻoia i ka palekana.


Ka manawa hoʻouna: Iulai-23-2022